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Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Pine wilt disease

Description

The pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is an invasive species that causes a serious disease in pines known as pine wilt disease. This parasitic nematode is transmitted by insect vectors, primarily beetles of the genus Monochamus. After entering the tree, it rapidly multiplies within the woody tissues and disrupts the tree’s vascular system, leading to progressive wilting. Major host species include Pinus pinaster, Pinus nigra, and Pinus sylvestris. In Europe, the nematode was first detected in 1999 in Portugal. It was later confirmed in other countries as well. In Portugal, the species has already spread significantly. Infestations by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus can severely impair the health of pine trees and may ultimately lead to their death.

Symptom

The crowns of pine trees turn brown from the top down, needles lose color and dry out. The overall appearance of the tree is desiccated.

Tree Species: Pine

Part of a plant- attacked: Tree trunk, Leaf / Needle, Branch

Pest significance: Very harmful

Pest Category: Other

Invasive Species: Yes

Present in EU: Yes